Abstract
T HAS BEEN evident for many years that the vast majority (80%) of alcoholics are smokers and that alcoholics who smoke use more cigarettes per day than do nonalcoholic smokers (Dawson, 2000; Keenan et al., 1990; Marks et al., 1997; Pfefferbaum et al., 2002). Unfortunately, minimal progress has been made toward gaining an understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to these phenomena. Studies that attempt to explain the actions of two drugs are complicated, but it may be that studying the actions of two drugs may simplify things in much the same way as simultaneous equations help the mathematician solve equations with more than one unknown. The trick, mathematically, is to develop equations that describe the same phenomenon. By analogy, it may be that studying the common actions of alcohol and nicotine may provide muchneeded insight into the mechanisms that underlie the coabuse of tobacco and alcohol.
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