Animal Fat Intake Is Associated with Albuminuria in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndrome.

Manuela Abbate,Itziar Abete,Josep A Tur,Miguel Casares,Antoni Sureda,Sofía Montemayor,Cristina Gómez,María Ángeles Zulet,María Barbería-Latasa,J Alfredo Martínez,Catalina M Mascaró,Lucia Ugarriza,Silvia Tejada

doi:10.3390/nu13051548

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Diet could play a predisposing role in the development of increased albuminuria in patients with NAFLD and MetS; however, published evidence is still limited. The aim of this cross-sectional analysis was to assess whether dietary fats are associated with changes in urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) in 146 patients aged 40–60-years with NAFLD and MetS. Dietary data were collected by food frequency questionnaire; UACR was measured in a single first morning void. Sources and types of dietary fats used in the analysis were total fat, fats from animal and vegetable sources, saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and trans fats. One-way analysis of variance was performed to assess differences in dietary fats intakes across stages of UACR. The association between dietary fats and UACR was assessed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multivariable linear regression. Patients with increased UACR showed a worse cardiometabolic profile and higher intakes of animal fat, as compared to patients with normal levels of albuminuria. Animal fat intake was associated with mean UACR, independent of potential covariates.

Highlights

IntroductionRecent evidence from population-based studies shows that even within the conventional normal range, albuminuria is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular risk factors in the general population [3,4,6,7], and that it can independently predict kidney disease progression in individuals with and without diabetes [8]
Of the 146 patients with ultrasound proven Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) included in the analysis, 58 were women (39.7%), (16.4%) were current smokers, and (17.1%) were consuming more than 20 g of alcohol a day
Conconsumption of animal fat was higher in patients with moderately increased albuminuria sistently, consumption of animal fat was higher in patients with moderately increased compared to those with normal albuminuria

Summary

Introduction

Recent evidence from population-based studies shows that even within the conventional normal range, albuminuria is associated with MetS and cardiovascular risk factors in the general population [3,4,6,7], and that it can independently predict kidney disease progression in individuals with and without diabetes [8]. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of the MetS, and is an independent risk factor for CKD, CVD, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality [9,10,11,12]. The manifestation of increased albuminuria in NAFLD can possibly worsen the pathophysiology of CKD and CVD even further, making this population at particular risk.

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