Aniba rosaeodora (Var. amazonica Ducke) Essential Oil: Chemical Composition, Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Antitrypanosomal Activity.

Amanda Mara Teles,Ana Lucia Abreu-Silva,Juan Matheus Pereira Fernandes,Fernando Almeida-Souza,Kátia Da Silva Calabrese,Adenilde Nascimento Mouchrek,João Victor Silva-Silva,Silvio Carvalho Marinho,Victor Elias Mouchrek Filho

doi:10.3390/antibiotics10010024

Abstract

Aniba rosaeodora is one of the most widely used plants in the perfumery industry, being used as medicinal plant in the Brazilian Amazon. This work aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of A. rosaeodora essential oil and its biological activities. A. rosaeodora essential oil presented linalool (93.60%) as its major compound. The A. rosaeodora essential oil and linalool showed activity against all the bacteria strains tested, standard strains and marine environment bacteria, with the lower minimum inhibitory concentration being observed for S. aureus. An efficient antioxidant activity of A. rosaeodora essential oil and linalool (EC50: 15.46 and 6.78 µg/mL, respectively) was evidenced by the inhibition of the 2,2-azinobis- (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical. The antitrypanosomal activity of A. rosaeodora essential oil and linalool was observed at high concentrations against epimatigote forms (inhibitory concentration for 50% of parasites (IC50): 150.5 ± 1.08 and 198.6 ± 1.12 µg/mL, respectively), and even higher against intracellular amastigotes of T. cruzi (IC50: 911.6 ± 1.15 and 249.6 ± 1.18 µg/mL, respectively). Both A. rosaeodora essential oil and linalool did not exhibit a cytotoxic effect in BALB/c peritoneal macrophages, and both reduced nitrite levels in unstimulated cells revealing a potential effect in NO production. These data revealed the pharmacological potential of A. rosaeodora essential oil and linalool, encouraging further studies.

Highlights

In recent decades, many studies have concentrated on the search for potential antimicrobials, with an increase in the worldwide spending on finding new antimicrobial agents
The results showed an inhibitory effect close to the values of A. rosaeodora essential oil
The essential oil of A. rosaeodora showed activity against all the strains tested, with a lower minimum inhibitory concentration being observed for S. aureus

Summary

Introduction

Many studies have concentrated on the search for potential antimicrobials, with an increase in the worldwide spending on finding new antimicrobial agents. Faced with bacterial resistance to antibiotic treatment as well as the discovery of new pathogens, the need for new antimicrobials arises [1]. There are promising reports of different plant-derived natural phytochemicals, and a growing interest in exploring their potential [2]. Medicinal plants have been used around the world for various purposes, just as their active chemical compounds have been used to combat various diseases. Essential oils are well known for their pharmacological activities, including antibacterial [3] and trypanocidal activity [4], and may represent a promising source of new natural drugs.

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