Abstract
The 60 GHz frequency band is identified as a suitable band for Gbps speed wireless communication in an Underground mine due to its high antenna directivity and high signal attenuation. However, the rough mine surface and the 5 mm wavelength may produce rich scattering phenomenon of multipath signals. To characterize the channel and more insight into the scattering, the angular dispersion measurements are conducted in different mine gallery depths and dimensions. The scattering is analyzed by the angle of arrivals of the incoming paths at the receiver, which is characterized by the statistical parameters of the multipath shape factors. The results of the multipath shape factor are explained and show that at around 3 m link distance, the incoming paths are mostly in two or three directions within a resolution angle of around between ±30° and ±40°. The statistical distribution of the multipath angle of arrivals follows a Gaussian probability distribution. The results also show that the angular spreads of multipath are proportional to the gallery dimensions and inversely proportional to the link distances.
Highlights
The 60 GHz frequency band has recently been studied and promoted in IEEE 802.15.3c, IEEE 802.11.ad, WirelessHD, ECMA-387 standards for short-range multi-gigabit per second speed wireless local area network WLAN) inside the room, office, vehicle and in outdoor as small cell backhaul [1]–[4]
The 60 GHz directive antenna system performing beamforming and which can be used efficiently for a 10 to 20 m Underground mine wireless network. For longer distances such as 150 m, it is recommended to use of 60 GHz backhauling in the underground mine wireless network where the gallery curvatures and tilted walls act as obstacles
The comparison of the measured and simulated PAP results as shown in Fig. 6 that a difference of the multipath angle of arrivals within the short distance exists between the choice of smooth and rough surfaces implying the existence of scattering in the underground mine environment
Summary
The 60 GHz frequency band has recently been studied and promoted in IEEE 802.15.3c, IEEE 802.11.ad, WirelessHD, ECMA-387 standards for short-range multi-gigabit per second speed wireless local area network WLAN) inside the room, office, vehicle and in outdoor as small cell backhaul [1]–[4]. It has a 7 GHz unlicensed bandwidth, high oxygen absorption loss, and fewer interference features compared to lower-frequency bands (e.g., < 6 GHz). The main contributions of this article are presenting the 60 GHz AoA measurement results and analysis those were conducted in different mine gallery level depths
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