Angiotensinogen - A Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Candidate Gene &amp;nbsp;for Adenocarcinomas of Rectum and Stomach

Rida Tanveer,Rizwan Arshad,Mukhtiar Ahmad,Muhammad Usman,Muhammad Atif,Yasir Hameed

doi:10.51441/biomedica/5-353

Abstract

<p>The Angiotensinogen (AGT) gene encodes for angiotensinogen protein that mainly regulates blood pressure and maintains the fluid and salt balance in the body. AGT expression variations have been documented earlier in only a few subtypes of human cancers, the multi-omics profiling of AGT as a shared biomarker in different other subtypes of human cancers remains to be uncovered. In the current study, AGT multi-omics analysis in 24 major subtypes of human cancer were performed using different authentic online databases and bioinformatics analysis including UALCAN, Kaplan Meier (KM) plotter, Human protein Atlas (HPA), GENT2, MEXPRESS, cBioportal, STRING, DAVID, TIMER., and CTD database. AGT is found commonly up-regulated in most human cancers. Overexpression of AGT is significantly correlated with the poor overall survival (OS) of only rectum adenocarcinoma (READ) and Stomach Adenocarcinoma (STAD). This implies that AGT plays a significant role in the development and progression of these cancers. We further noticed that AGT is also overexpressed in READ and STAD patients of different clinicopathological features. Pathways enrichment analysis revealed that AGT is involved in various diverse pathways. While, a few interesting correlations were also documented between AGT expression and its promoter methylation level, CD8+ T immune cells level, and CNVs. Moreover, we also predicted a few drugs through gene-drug interaction analysis that could be used in the treatment of READ and STAD by regulating the AGT expression. Our findings suggest that AGT alone might be helpful in predicting the diagnosis and prognosis of READ and STAD patients commonly.</p>

Highlights

Cancer is a broad term that represents a large group of diseases capable of affecting multiple organs of the body.[1]
The findings of our study have provided some useful information regarding the correlation between AGT expression and its prognostic values in rectum adenocarcinoma (READ) and stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), as well as the role of AGT as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in READ and STAD is suggested
To find the differences in AGT expression in tumor and normal tissues, the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) expression profile across tumor samples and their paired normal tissues were utilized through the UALCAN platform

Summary

Introduction

Cancer is a broad term that represents a large group of diseases capable of affecting multiple organs of the body.[1]. It is recently noted that the cancer burden is on the rise in developing countries and 70% of cancer-related deaths are witnessed in low and middle-income countries. In the United States of America (USA), the estimated number of people living with cancer is around 16,353,421, and these numbers are increasing as the days passing.[3] The consumption of tobacco smoking or chewing is the most common risk factor of cancer and causes around 22% cancer-related deaths.[4] Viral infections contribute to cancer development in low and middle-income countries and cause around 25% of cancers.[4]

Methods

Results

Conclusion