Angiotensin receptor blocker-based therapy and cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease and impaired renal function

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)-based therapy on cardiovascular events in high-risk hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and impaired renal function in post hoc analysis of HIJ-CREATE (Heart Institute of Japan Candesartan Randomized Trial for Evaluation in Coronary Artery Disease). Patients (n=2049) were randomly assigned to candesartan-based or non-ARB treatment arms; 1022 patients (age 70±6 years, 28% female) with impaired renal function, defined as creatinine clearance <60 ml/min at baseline. There was no difference in major adverse cardiac event (MACE), a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina, heart failure, stroke and other cardiovascular events requiring hospitalization between the two arms in patients without impaired renal function. However, there was a lower incidence of MACE in the candesartan-based treatment arm than in the non-ARB treatment arm (HR=0.79, 95% CI 0.63–0.99, p=0.039) in patients with impaired renal function. Among the MACE, candesartan-based treatment reduced hospitalization for unstable angina (HR=0.71, 95% CI 0.52–0.96, p=0.028). Although candesartan-based treatment was not superior to non-ARB treatment in prevention of cardiac mortality, ARB-based therapy may be beneficial in reducing risk of coronary events in hypertensive patients with CAD and impaired renal function.