Abstract
Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus is often associated with some complications such as nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy. Genes of the renin angiotensin system are potential candidate genes for diabetic complications. We investigated the relationship between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism in type 2 diabetic patients with and without diabetic nephropathy. Seventy five patients (25 type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy, 50 type 2 diabetic patients without nephropathy) and 37 healthy controls were studied. Gene polymorphism of ACE was determined by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification using allele-spesific primers. The frequencies of ACE DD, ID and II genoypes among the patients with type 2 diabetic patients were found 48%, 42%, 10% whereas in control subjects, 27%, 60%, 13% respectively. Type 2 diabetic patients carrying DD genotype without nephropathy increased 1.77 fold than control subjects (P < 0.05). There is no significant correlation between diabetic nephropathy and ACE gene polymorphism. But we found that ACE DD genotype increased significantly in type 2 diabetic patients compared to control subjects (P <.05).
Highlights
Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetes
Diabetic nephropathy is an important complication of diabetes mellitus of both type1 and type2 and is observed in up to 30% of patients, who suffer from non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (Nelson et al, 1991; Chowdhury et al, 1999)
The relationship between polymorphisms of angiotensin converting enzym e (ACE) gene and diabetic nephropathy was investigated in Turkish type 2 diabetic patients
Summary
Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetes. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have risk of developing some complications such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy and cardiovascular disease. Studies on the genes have proposed the renin angiotensin system (RAS) as an important genetic factor for diabetic complications. Angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) or kininase II, is a dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase which plays an important role in blood pressure regulation and electrolyte balance by hydrolyzing angiotensin I into angiotensin II which is a potent vasopressor, and aldosterone-stimulating peptide. Prior studies have shown that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) can impede with the progress of improving diabetic nephropathy (Orisio, 1999; Ha et al, 2000). Angiotensin-I converting enzyme is effective in playing a role in nephropathy, and participates in cardiac complications and hypertension (Bedir et al, 1999; Estacio et al, 1999; Donnely et al, 2000). The relationship between polymorphisms of ACE gene and diabetic nephropathy was investigated in Turkish type 2 diabetic patients
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