Abstract
Hypertension or high blood pressure is one of the major independent risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (EC 3.4.15.1; ACE) plays an important physiological role in regulation of blood pressure by converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. Therefore, the inhibition of ACE activity is a major target in the prevention of hypertension. Recently, the search for natural ACE inhibitors as alternatives to synthetic drugs is of great interest to prevent several side effects and a number of novel compounds such as bioactive peptides, chitooligosaccharide derivatives (COS) and phlorotannins have been derived from marine organisms as potential ACE inhibitors. These inhibitory derivatives can be developed as nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals with potential to prevent hypertension. Hence, the aim of this review is to discuss the marine-derived ACE inhibitors and their future prospects as novel therapeutic drug candidates for treat hypertension.
Highlights
Hypertension or high blood pressure is one of the major independent risk factors for cardiovascular diseases [1,2] and it is a major health issue, estimated to be affecting about 20% of the world’s adult population [3]
These findings suggested that molecular weight and degree of deacetylation of chitooligosaccharide derivatives (COS) are important factors for the angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE)
Much attention has been paid by consumers towards natural bioactive compounds as functional ingredients and it can be suggested that, marine-derived ACE inhibitors are alternative tools that can contribute to consumer’s well-being, by being a part of novel nutraceuticals or pharmaceuticals replacing synthetic drugs
Summary
Hypertension or high blood pressure is one of the major independent risk factors for cardiovascular diseases [1,2] and it is a major health issue, estimated to be affecting about 20% of the world’s adult population [3]. 3.4.15.1) and was originally isolated from horse blood [4] It plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood pressure as it promotes the conversion of angiotensin-I to the potent vasoconstrictor angiotensin-II as well as inactivates the vasodilator bradykinin, which has a depressor action in the renin-angiotensin system. In the development of drugs to control high blood pressure, ACE inhibition has become an important activity. Many studies have been attempted in the synthesis of ACE inhibitors such as captopril, enalapril, alcacepril and lisinopril, which are currently used in the treatment of essential hypertension and heart failure in humans [6]. A great interest has been developed nowadays to isolate bioactive compounds, which act as ACE inhibitors from marine resources because of their numerous health beneficial effects. This review discusses the above three groups of marine-derived ACE inhibitors and their inhibitory properties, emphasizing their potential application as future pharmaceuticals to prevent hypertension
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
