Angiotensin converting enzyme I/D, angiotensinogen T174M-M235T and angiotensin II type 1 receptor A1166C gene polymorphisms in Turkish hypertensive patients.

Bedia Agachan,Turgay Isbir,Emel Akoglu,Hulya Yilmaz

doi:10.1038/emm.2003.71

Abstract

Essential hypertension is a multifactorial disease in which genetic and enviromental factors play an important role. These factors differ in each population. As there are no existing data for the Turkish population, we investigated four Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) gene polymorphisms, the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensinogen (AGN) M235T/T174M and angiotensin II type 1 receptor A1166C polymorphism in 109 hypertensive and 86 normotensive Turkish subjects. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), and agarose gel electrophoresis tecniques were used to determine these polymorphism. The frequencies of person that carry ACE D allel (DD+ID) was significantly higher in hypertensive group (99.1%) than controls (80%) (P 0.000). M235T TT genotype was also found significantly higher in hypertensives than control group (20% vs 2.7%; P 0.001). The frequency of AGN 174M allele was higher in the hypertensive group than control subjects (8.76% vs 4.81%). Frequency of ATR1 C allele (AC+CC genotypes) was found higher hypertensives than controls (39.4% vs 25.9%; P = 0.054). Our results suggest that an interaction exists between the RAS genes and hypertension in Turkish population.

Highlights

Essential hypertensionis a multifactorial and polygenic disorder, and several genes are thought to play a role in its pathogenesis
Several molecular variants ofthe angiotensinogen (AGN)genehavebeendetected.Apolymorphismin exon 2,in which methionine at position 235is replaced by threonine (M235T variant) has been associated with essential hypertension in both whites (Jeunemaitreetal.,1992)andJapanese(Hataetal., 1994, Nishiumaetal.,1995)
Anotherpolymorphisminexon2,in whichthreonine at position 174is replaced by methionine (T174M variant), has been associated with essential hypertensionin whites(Jeunemaitreetal.,1992)and Japanese(Moriseetal.,1995)

Summary

Introduction

Essential hypertensionis a multifactorial and polygenic disorder, and several genes are thought to play a role in its pathogenesis. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is one of the important factors that regulatesthe blood pressure, as well asfluid and electrolytebalance,and mayhaveanimportantrole in the pathogenesis of hypertension (Maliket al., 1997). Several molecular variants ofthe angiotensinogen (AGN)genehavebeendetected.Apolymorphismin exon 2,in which methionine at position 235is replaced by threonine (M235T variant) has been associated with essential hypertension in both whites (Jeunemaitreetal.,1992)andJapanese(Hataetal., 1994, Nishiumaetal.,1995). Otherstudies havefailedto show an association ofthe M235T variant withessentialhypertensionin whitesatBritish (Caulfield et al, 1994), Australian (Bennettet al., 1993) and Japanese (Morise et al, 1995) population. Anotherpolymorphisminexon2,in whichthreonine at position 174is replaced by methionine (T174M variant), has been associated with essential hypertensionin whites(Jeunemaitreetal.,1992)and Japanese(Moriseetal.,1995). (Caulfield et al, 1994) failed to detect an associ- Caulfieldet al. (Caulfield et al, 1994) failed to detect an associ-

Methods

Results

Conclusion