Angiopoietin-like protein 2 is a potential biomarker for gastric cancer.

Abstract

Globally, gastric cancer is one of the most common types of cancer and is the second leading cause of cancer‑induced mortality. Early detection of gastric cancer is able to contribute to a reduction of its mortality. For early detection, more specific and sensitive biomarkers than the classic biomarkers, including carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19‑9 and C‑reactive protein, are required. The present study focused on the evaluation of the potential of angiopoietin‑like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) as a novel biomarker for gastric cancer. The expression levels of ANGPTL2 in undifferentiated and differentiated gastric cancer cell lines (HGC‑27 and MKN7, respectively) were therefore investigated. Additionally, ANGPTL2 levels in the serum of gastric cancer patients were compared with those of healthy individuals to evaluate the possibility of the protein as a predictive biomarker for gastric cancer. It was established that the expression levels of ANGPTL2 mRNA and protein were higher in undifferentiated HGC‑27 cells than those in differentiated MKN7 cells. In a patient study, it was indicated that the levels of ANGPTL2 in the serum of gastric cancer patients were higher than those in healthy controls. The diagnostic performance of ANGPTL2 was assessed by constructing a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and was evaluated by calculating the area under each ROC curve (AUC). For the discrimination of patients with gastric cancer from healthy individuals, the AUC for ANGPTL2 was 0.774 (P=0.005) (95% confidence interval, 0.615‑0.933). These results suggested that ANGPTL2 was a potential biomarker for gastric cancer.