Angiographic Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease and its Correlation with Ankle-brachial Index in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) due to atherosclerosis is like an epidemic in India. The role of diabetes mellitus (DM) with CAD is believed to be as important as CAD itself. Owing to the similar vascular involvement, patients with DM were frequently combined with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Although in outpatients, clinically suspected of having CAD, the relationship and interaction between DM and PAD remain unknown. Aim and objective The aim and objective of this study is to evaluate the relation of the ankle-brachial index (ABI) with the angiographic characteristics of CAD in patients with DM. Materials and methods This is a tertiary hospital study in which 50 adult patients were admitted and taken according to inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study. All patients in this study population underwent ABI measurement and coronary angiography was done. Patients were subdivided into two groups according to ABI, that is, patients with ABI >0.90 and ABI <0.90. Results There was a significant relationship between low ABI and severity of CAD. Low ABI group patients had a more severe form of CAD with a higher prevalence of triple vessel diseases, severe stenosis, and more involvement of the left anterior descending (LAD)artery. Risk factors like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and low ABI were predictors of significant severe stenosis of coronary arteries. Conclusion Low ABI is a surrogate index of the severity of CAD. So it could be used in our everyday clinical cardiology practice as a noninvasive, easy, and cheap bedside test to assess and predict the severity of CAD. How to cite this article Mohan G, Mohan G, Singh B, et al. Angiographic Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease and Its Correlation with Ankle-brachial Index in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. AMEI's Curr Trends Diagn Treat 2020;4(2):69–73.