Abstract
Refractory angina is a chronic condition that affects an increasing number of patients due to the increased survival of the population with coronary artery disease as a result of therapeutic advances in the area. The presence of limiting angina pectoris that causes loss of quality of life despite optimized clinical treatment, due to myocardial ischemia, in individuals not eligible for conventional coronary artery bypass grafting procedures, characterizes refractory angina. The focus of treatment is the improvement of symptoms, quality of life and psychological morbidity. Multidisciplinary approach in the evaluation and management of patients is of paramount impor-tance. Clinical treatment involves, in addition to fine antianginal pharmacological adjustment, control of associated conditions. In the case of conditions refractory to conventional treatment, alternative therapies are options for symptom improvement. These alternative therapies should be recommended according to local availability and individual clinical characteristics. Mana-gement of patients with refractory angina represents a major clinical challenge.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: Revista da Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
