Abstract
Background: Pediatric pheochromocytoma is very rare, accounting for only about 1% of pediatric hypertension. Case Presentation: We presented a case of pediatric pheochromocytoma in a 12-year-old girl undergoing laparoscopic adrenalectomy, with the aim of highlighting an anesthetic challenge. Conclusion: Preoperative screening of hereditary conditions, investigations for end-organ dysfunction, preoperative blood pressure optimization, intensive intraoperative hemodynamic management and good communication with surgeons were the cornerstones for this successful surgery.
Highlights
Pheochromocytoma is a rare disease in childhood
Pediatric pheochromocytoma is very rare, accounting for only about 1% of pediatric hypertension
Case Presentation: We presented a case of pediatric pheochromocytoma in a 12-year-old girl undergoing laparoscopic adrenalectomy, with the aim of highlighting an anesthetic challenge
Summary
Pheochromocytoma is a rare disease in childhood. Tumors originating from adrenal medulla, arising from chromaffin cells and secreting catecholamines are termed pheochromocytoma. Pheochromocytoma occurs with a frequency of 0.3 cases per million per year and only in about 1% of the hypertensive pediatric population [1] It prevails mostly among children and adolescents 6 and 14 years of age [2]. Post-operative concerns include maintaining optimal blood pressure, as elevated catecholamine levels persist for 7 to 10 days even after adrenalectomy, hypoglycemia and there is a risk of acute postoperative adrenal insufficiency [4]. This case report summarizes the perioperative anesthesia management of adrenal pheochromocytoma in a 12-year-old girl, in hope of sharing information about ways to reduce perioperative risks for similar cases
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