Abstract
Persons with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) may need surgery for a variety of reasons including syndrome related manifestations, such as cleft lip/palate surgery, skin lesions, hernia, etc. Furthermore, with the increase in life expectancy, the number of persons with IDD requiring cancer related surgeries is also increasing. Persons with IDD present unique challenges to the anesthesiologist during surgical and/or diagnostic procedures. Scientific data for the best choice of anesthetic management in children with IDD are rare, sometimes even conflicting and practice guidelines and recommendations are missing. The reason might be the broad variety of causes and syndromes associated with intellectual disability, each of them with different characteristics. However, existing studies showed significant differences in anesthetic requirements, side effects and BIS monitoring in children with intellectual disabilities. These data indicate the need for further research efforts and standard guidelines.
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