Anesthesia for Removal of Foreign Bodies in Lower Respiratory Tracts in Souro Sanou University Hospital Center in Bobo-Dioulasso: About 46 Cases

Abstract

Introduction : The inhalation of foreign body is a common cause of respiratory distress in children. Anesthesia for this endoscopy represents a challenge for the anesthesiologist.
 Objective : To assess the anesthetic management of foreign body extraction of the lower respiratory tracts in a context of limited resources.
 Patients and methods : This is a retrospective study in descriptive aim, over 3 years from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2016. It involved patients admitted for foreign bodies of the lower respiratory tracts in Resuscitation service and ENT in Souro Sanou University Hospital Center in Bobo-Dioulasso .
 Results : A total of 46 patients were hospitalized for foreign bodies of the lower respiratory tracts during the study period. The mean age of the patients was 2.6 years ± 8.23. Patients were predominantly male with 27 cases (58.70 %), a sex ratio of 1.42. The foreign bodies were of organic type in 82.60% of the cases, against 17.4 % of non organic. The location of foreign bodies was laryngeal in 03 cases (06.52%), tracheal in 06 cases (13.04%) and bronchial in 37 cases (80.43%). The average consultation time was 3.12 days ± 4.7. The circumstances of discovery were a notion of penetration syndrome in 69.57%, respiratory dyspnea in 91.30%, a queasy cough in 56.52% of cases and a chance discovery in 2.17% of cases. . The foreign bodies were radio-opaque in 17.39% of cases. Extraction of foreign bodies was performed under general anesthesia. In intraoperative operating room, incidents / accidents were noted in 23.91 %. Operative follow-up was simple in 82.60% of cases and complications were recorded in 15.21% of cases.
 Conclusion : Foreign bodies of the lower respiratory tracts remain a topical issue for the child. The therapeutic treatment is based on the realization of a Laryngo-tracheo-bronchial endoscopy, under general anesthesia by an experienced crew.