Anderson Localization of Visible Light on a Nanophotonic Chip

Abstract

Technological advances allow the control of light at the nanoscale and to strongly enhance the light–matter interaction in highly engineered devices. Enhancing the light–matter interaction is needed for applications in research areas such as quantum technology, energy harvesting, sensing, and biophotonics. Here, we show that a different approach, based on the use of disorder, rather than the precise engineering of the devices, and fabrication imperfections as a resource, can allow the efficient trapping of visible light on a chip. We demonstrate, for the first time to our knowledge, Anderson localization of light at visible wavelengths in a nanophotonic chip. Remarkably, we prove that disorder-induced localization is more efficient in confining visible light than highly engineered optical cavities, thus reversing the trend observed so far. We measure light-confinement quality factors approaching 10 000 that are significantly higher than values previously reported in two-dimensional photonic crystal caviti...