Abstract
During 2012-2015, US-bound refugees living in Myanmar-Thailand border camps (n = 1,839) were surveyed for hookworm infection and treatment response by using quantitative PCR. Samples were collected at 3 time points: after each of 2 treatments with albendazole and after resettlement in the United States. Baseline prevalence of Necator americanus hookworm was 25.4%, Ancylostoma duodenale 0%, and Ancylostoma ceylanicum (a zoonosis) 5.4%. Compared with N. americanus prevalence, A. ceylanicum hookworm prevalence peaked in younger age groups, and blood eosinophil concentrations during A. ceylanicum infection were higher than those for N. americanus infection. Female sex was associated with a lower risk for either hookworm infection. Cure rates after 1 dose of albendazole were greater for A. ceylanicum (93.3%) than N. americanus (65.9%) hookworm (p<0.001). Lower N. americanus hookworm cure rates were unrelated to β-tubulin single-nucleotide polymorphisms at codons 200 or 167. A. ceylanicum hookworm infection might be more common in humans than previously recognized.
Highlights
Medscape, LLC designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)TM
Detection of A. ceylanicum When a highly sensitive primer-probe set specific to the A. duodenale genome (Ad2) was used on samples positive for Ancylostoma DNA by quantitative PCR (qPCR) with primer-probe set Ad1, none was positive
Results from restriction fragment length polymorphism PCR indicated the presence of A. ceylanicum hookworm; these results were further confirmed by sequencing
Summary
LLC designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)TM. All other clinicians completing this activity will be issued a certificate of participation. To participate in this journal CME activity: [1] review the learning objectives and author disclosures; [2] study the education content; [3] take the post-test with a 75% minimum passing score and complete the evaluation at http://www.medscape.org/journal/eid; and [4] view/print certificate. Evaluate the epidemiology of hookworm infection among Myanmar refugees living in 3 camps along the Thailand-Myanmar border, based on a cohort study. Analyze the response to treatment of hookworm infection assessed through molecular analyses among Myanmar refugees living in 3 camps along the Thailand-Myanmar border, based on a cohort study. Identify risk factors for hookworm infection among Myanmar refugees living in 3 camps along the Thailand-Myanmar border, based on a cohort stud
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