Ancient Typical and Modern Character of Some Consonant Phonemes in “Diwani Hikmet”

Abstract

The article discusses some consonants within lexical and morphological units used in the Kokshetau version of “Divani Hikmet”, written in the Arabic-Persian alphabet around the end of the 17th century. It starts with writing models and characteristics in different positions, their archetypes in ancient texts, and also addresses phonetic phenomena such as voicing assimilation, devoicing assimilation, assibilation, apocope, haplology, gemination, syncope, etc., depending on the anlaut, inlaut, and auslaut positions of the consonants under study, as well as the reasons for these phonetic phenomena. Accordingly, the article uses confrontational (descriptive), synchronic (comparative), diachronic (historical), and contrastive (comparative) methods, in the process of conducting a scientific analysis of consonants in texts from Orkhon-Enisei (7th-8th centuries), Karakhan (10th-12th centuries), Khorezm (11th-13th centuries), ancient Anatolia (13th-15th centuries), ancient Kipchak (13th-16th centuries), in Turkic texts written during the Chagatai era (13th-19th centuries), and in modern Turkic languages. To achieve the set goal, it is necessary to comprehensively study the works of foreign and domestic scientists.