Abstract

Ancient portraits of mathematicians are very rare. Since portraiture of living persons on ancient coins was restricted to rulers and members of their families, there are no contemporary portraits of mathematicians on ancient coins. However, a posthumous portrait of Pythagoras, who died c. 497 B.C., is the first portrait of a man, as opposed to a god, on a coin. Portraits did not exist at the time of Pythagoras; thus this coin, minted c. 430 B.C., is an extremely early portrait of a mathematician.

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