Abstract
Base anchorage forces for three empty, stiffened steel grain silos with conical roof shells are determined by finite element analysis for nonuniform wind loading. In general, the axial tensile forces govern for tall silos, while the shear force anchorage requirements control for shallow silos. The anchorage requirements for all three types of silos are adequately predicted by use of an adjusted membrane theory for a wind loaded cylindrical shell free at its top, with axial stress at the top due to the roof wind loading. The “cantilever beam” approximation yields extremely nonconservative anchorage forces.
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