Abstract
The Brazilian population derives from Native Americans, Europeans, mainly Portugueses, and Africans, mostly Bantu speakers who were brought to the country as slaves between the 16th and 19th centuries. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the maternal genetic ancestry of individuals from Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) population that have declared themselves as sub-Saharan African descendents. The analysis of the mitochondrial DNA control region revealed a very high number of African lineages (81%), followed by Amerindians (14%) and a lower number of Europeans ones (5%). The results are in accordance with the historical writing which shows that, in the first 3 centuries of the Brazilian colonization process, the population increasing was mainly dependent on crosses among Portuguese men and African or Native American women.
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