Abstract
The Amazon is undergoing environmental changes that can cause morphological and physiological changes in plants. The general objective of this study was to evaluate the anatomical and eco-physiological features of Vouacapoua americana during development in the Brazilian Amazon. It was observed that the stomata only occur in the abaxial face. Secretory structures are present throughout the leaf blade. In the central vein and petiole region it was observed that the xylem occupies the vein’s central part, presenting an arc shape. The eco-physiological evaluations revealed that the dry period presented higher values of leaf temperature and steam pressure deficit, and lower values of leaf humidity, stomatal conductance, and transpiration. Anatomical and physiological differences occur at each stage of development.
Highlights
Global climate change, which is mainly responsible for the increase in temperature and decrease in precipitation within the Amazon (Hoffmann at al., 2018), has led to a series of morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes in plants, negatively affecting their growth and productivity (Wang et al, 2001)
The survey was conducted in a fragment of primary forest on “terra firme”, at the geographic coordinates 03°30′46.3′′ south latitude and 52°47′26.5′′ west longitude, located in the municipality of Medicilândia, Pará, Brazil
For anatomical evaluations, 15 V. americana individuals were analyzed in two developmental categories, being classified according to Silva et al (2005), into: seedling and stick (2.5 cm ≤ diameter < 5 cm)
Summary
Global climate change, which is mainly responsible for the increase in temperature and decrease in precipitation within the Amazon (Hoffmann at al., 2018), has led to a series of morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes in plants, negatively affecting their growth and productivity (Wang et al, 2001). In Brazil, until a few years ago, the occurrence of of such extreme weather events. These extreme weather events are not a particularity of Brazil, being registered worldwide; the changes caused global warming, including tropical ecosystems by reducing the levels of precipitation and evapotranspiration (Marques et al, 2011)
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