Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulates in cerebral ventricles and subarachnoid spaces which represent a compartment within the central nervous system (CNS) consisting of the components brain parenchyma, vascular system, and CSF space. The CSF space is separated from the vascular system by the blood-CSF barrier, whereas the blood-brain barrier responsible for maintaining the homeostasis of the brain is located between brain parenchyma and vascular system. Both barriers differ with regard to their morphological and functional properties, and they are permeable not only for small molecules but also for macromolecules and circulating cells. Aquaporin-4 is particularly prevalent in astrocytic membranes at the blood-brain and brain-CSF interfaces.
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