Anatomical Variations of The Diaphragma Sellae and Pituitary Stalk in Human Adult Cadavers in Myanmar

Abstract

Objective: The middle cerebral fossa contains the sellar area. The diaphragma sellae, a dural fold, covers the sella turcica, which is located in the bony depression of the sphenoid bone. One of the most significant endocrine glands in the body, the pituitary gland’s stalk protrudes from the base of the brain through the diaphragma sellae’s primary hole.Material and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional experimental study and carried out on 30 human adult cadavers (20 males and 10 females) in order to describe the anatomical variations of diaphragma sellae and pituitary stalk.Results: The shapes of the diaphragma sellae were 17 flat types (56.7%), 12 concave types (40%) and 1 convex type (3.3%). The shapes of the central opening of the diaphragma sellae were 21 round types (70%), 5 coronal elliptical types (16.7%), and 4 sagittal elliptical types (13.3%). The mean anteroposterior diameter of the central opening of the diaphragma sellae was 6.92±1.47 mm and the transverse diameter was 7.06±1.46 mm. The mean anteroposterior diameter of the pituitary stalk was 1.83±0.41 mm and the transverse diameter of the pituitary stalk was 2.00±0.33 mm. The locations of the pituitary stalk were 20 posterior types (66.7%), 5 central types (16.7%), and 5 anterior types (16.7%).Conclusion: Neurosurgeons, maxillofacial surgeons, and clinical radiologists may find the current study of the diphragama sellae and sellar region helpful in contemplating the diseases and operational techniques in this area.