Abstract
Background In recent years great attention has been focused on the structural and histological structures of the placenta and the umbilical cord due to their vital roles in fetal development and neonatal survival. While extensive studies have been documented in this area in the developed world, there is very little published information about the morphological variations that occur in human placenta in Sudan. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the structural variations in placental indices and its relation to neonatal outcome. Methods A prospective hospital - based study conducted in Wad Madani Maternity Teaching Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology between July 2014 and March 2018. Results Mean placental indices for weight, diameter and thickness were 515.51 g, 18.80 cm and 2.43 cm respectively. The mean neonatal indices were 2.95 kg, 33.19 cm and 44.42 cm for weight, head circumference and length respectively. Neonatal weight correlated significantly with placental weight, neonatal length and neonatal head circumference (P < 0.000). On the contrary, neonatal weight had no significant correlation with placental thickness and diameter Conclusion In this study, there was a strong relationship between the placenta and the fetus suggesting that the well-being of the fetus is highly dependent on the placenta since it serves as a link between the mother and the fetus.
Highlights
The placenta is a complex multifunctional organ of mainly foetal origin with pleiotropic roles during foetal growth
Placenta Placental details collected as below: Technique Morphological parameters measured as follows: (A) Placental weight measured by sensitive balance. (B) Placental diameters and lengths measured by plastic meter
APGAR score at 1 min and 5 min was 7, 8, 9 and 10 out of 10
Summary
The placenta is a complex multifunctional organ of mainly foetal origin with pleiotropic roles during foetal growth. It has a portion derived from the developing embryo and a maternal portion formed by the modification of the uterine lining of the mother [1]. Placenta with umbilical cord is a bridging organ between mother and developing fetus. Blastocyst contains an outer unicellular layer called “Trophoblast” and an inner cell mass called “Embryoblast” [3]. In recent years great attention has been focused on the structural and histological structures of the placenta and the umbilical cord due to their vital roles in fetal development and neonatal survival. This study was designed to evaluate the structural variations in placental indices and its relation to neonatal outcome
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