Abstract
Right and left coronary arteries maintain the nutritional supply of heart. The left coronary artery (LCA) bifurcates into Anterior Interventricular Artery (AIA) and Circumflex Artery (CA). Triangle of Brocq and Mouchet is an arterio-venous triangle formed by AIA and CA of left coronary artery and great cardiac vein (GCV) that lies between conus aretriosus and left auricle. This study aims to determine frequency of Brocq and Mouchet triangle and its anatomical details. This study was conducted in thirty formalin fixed cadaveric hearts collectively available in the Department of Anatomy, Nepal Medical College from November 2019 till April 2020. The incidence of heart showing the triangle was 93.3% with the most common type being closed which is followed by inferiorly opened, superiorly opened, and completely opened. Most frequent content of the triangle was median artery followed by diagonal branches of AIA and CA. the mean area of the triangle was 218.84mm2(527.97 mm2-57.26 mm2). The branches of LCA varied from bifurcation to pentafurcation. Relationship of GCV with AIA and CA was found to be either superficial or deep. The anatomical knowledge of the Brocq and Mouchet triangle regarding arterio-venous relationship will be required for angiographic procedures. Also, the triangle is a potential epicardial access route to mitral valve annulus thus detailed anatomical knowledge of the triangle will help cardiologist to achieve successful cardiological procedures with minimal complications.
Highlights
Nutritional supply of heart is maintained through the right and left coronary artery and their branches
Thirty cadaveric hearts were observed for the presence of Brocq and Mouchet triangle
Among the specimens where triangle was present, the content of the triangle was found to be third branch of Left Coronary Artery (LCA) (Median artery) in 11(39.3%) hearts, diagonal branch of Circumflex Artery (CA) in eight (28.6%) hearts, and diagonal branches of both Anterior Interventricular Artery (AIA) and CA in eight (28.6%) hearts
Summary
Nutritional supply of heart is maintained through the right and left coronary artery and their branches. Right coronary artery arises from anterior aortic sinus and left coronary artery from left posterior aortic sinus of ascending aorta. These arteries and its major branches are usually subepicardial but in atrioventricular and interventricular groove they are often embedded within the myocardium.[1] Left Coronary Artery (LCA) on reaching the atrioventricular groove, bifurcate into Anterior Interventricular Artery (AIA) and Circumflex Artery (CA). Base of the triangle is formed by GCV when it leaves the anterior interventricular groove and terminates into left end of coronary sinus.[5] Lateral boundaries of the triangle are formed by AIA and CA of left coronary artery
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