Anatomical optical, biomechanical and morphometric parameters of the eye in children with acquired myopia and syndrome of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia

Abstract

Aim of the research – to make a comprehensive assessment of anatomical, optical, biomechanical and morphometric parameters of the eye in children with acquired myopia and syndrome of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia. Materials and methods. We examined patients of 2 groups: the I group – 44 children (88 eyes) with myopia of mild degree and phenotypic manifestations of connective tissue dysplasia, the II group – 40 patients (80 eyes) with myopia and without signs of connective tissue dysplasia. We measured the following parameters: corneal refractive power, corneal diameter and radius, thickness of the cornea, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, sagittal length of the vitreous body, axial length of the eye, corneal hysteresis, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. Results. We revealed significant differences in the anatomical, optical and biomechanical parameters of the visual analyzer in children with myopia of mild degree on the background of the UCTD, in contrast to children with myopia and without connective tissue dysplasia, which consisted in corneal refractive power reduction to an average of 41.25 [40.62; 41.75] D, increase in the corneal radius to an average of 8.13 [7.97; 8.28] mm, the corneal diameter to an average of 12.5 [12.1; 12.7] mm, the anterior chamber depth to an average of 3.8 [3.4; 4.0] mm, the sagittal length of the vitreous body to an average of 17.6 [17.3; 18.0] mm, the axial length of eye to an average of 24.9 [24.4; 25.4] mm, decrease in corneal hysteresis to an average of 11.2 [10.6; 11.7] mm Hg. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was reduced to an average of 87 [85; 93] μm. Conclusions. The obtained data can be useful in a comprehensive assessment of ophthalmic manifestations of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia syndrome, in myopic process development prediction and in individual treatment tactics determination.