Anatomical features of the muscles of the pelvic limb in hares

Abstract

The article reflects the data on anatomical features of pelvic limb muscles of representatives of hares (rabbit, hare). We studied 2 rabbit species - mestizo rabbits of unknown origin with body weight 1,5-2 kg, rabbits of Soviet chinchilla breed in cage keeping with body weight 5 kg and hare from natural habitat at the age of 1 year to 2 years without external signs of pathology. Based on the results of anatomical macro- and micropreparation, functional analysis of the studied structures the characteristic of pelvic limb muscles in a rabbit was presented, the features of the structure of pelvic limb muscles in a hare-rusak were revealed, a comparative morphological analysis of muscles in the studied animals with regard to biomechanical features of their motor behavior was performed. The study was carried out at the department of animal anatomy and histology named after Professor A.F. Klimov, K.I. Skryabin Moscow State Biomedical Institute. The methods used were conventional and fine anatomical dissection followed by description and analysis of the structures under study. As a result of the studies, general regularities and specific features of the anatomical structure of the pelvic limb muscles in the studied representatives of hares, caused by the specificity of the animals' motor behavior, were revealed. They are expressed in more powerful development of fascial formations in rabbit in comparison with hare at the simultaneous decrease in the degree of their consolidation with the skeletal musculature, which may reflect a special type of the statolocomotor act inherent in this species of animal. In addition, the integral role of fasciae in ensuring the unity of functions of the musculoskeletal system organs (load redistribution during intensive movement of the animal) is confirmed, which is reflected in their complex association with the muscles of the hip group. In the rabbit, the variability of differentiation of the tail muscle, adapted to the differences in the mass-size characteristics of the animal and the habitat, was also noted. The data obtained during the study are basic and can be used in modeling myopathies, enthesopathies and developing objective methods of their diagnosis and treatment.