Anatomical and ultrasonographic landmarks of the manus nerves in camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Abstract

This study aims to describe the anatomical and ultrasonographic features of manus nerves to establish a guideline approach for manus nerve block in camel practice. Twelve distal parts of the forelimbs cadavers of freshly slaughtered adult dromedary camels were used in this study. Six manus cadavers were used for anatomical morphology and the other six were used for ultrasonographic examination of the manus nerves. The gross anatomical study revealed the manus of the camel including, the third and fourth metacarpus and digits receives nerve supply from the ulnar, radial, and median nerves. These nerves continued along the camel manus as lateral and medial palmar metacarpal nerves and the axial and abaxial palmar proper digital nerves of the digits III and IV. Ultrasonographic evaluation of each nerve in the manus of the dromedary camel revealed proper localization and tracking of these nerves from the surrounding structures. In conclusion, the present study provides anatomical and ultrasonographic imaging knowledge tracking of the manus nerves in camels. This is important for determining the areas of the nerve block to attain successful regional anesthesia of this region in case of manus injuries in camel.