Abstract
The stem of four rattan species namely Calamus latifolius, C. leptospadix, Daemonorops jenkinsiana and Plectocomia bractealis collected from Manipur was evaluated for its anatomical and physical characteristics. The stem diameter of both Calamus species was more in the top position than the bottom. The epidermis of all the investigated species was single layered with few sunken stomata. The lumina of epidermis was drop, oval, elongated and rectangular in shape. The vascular bundles were Type b in both C. latifolius and C. leptospadix, Type d in D. jenkinsiana and Type a in P. bractealis, whereas the ground tissue was Type A in both Calamus species, Type B in D. jenkinsiana and Type C in P. bractealis. The yellow cap of fibre sclereids in central vascular bundles and tyloses in metaxylem vessels was present in P. bractealis. The number of vascular bundles was maximum in periphery and bottom position of the stem. There was a significant decrease in fibre percentage and increase in parenchyma percentage from bottom to top in all selected rattan species. Quantitatively, all the anatomical characteristics of fibres and vessels varied significantly along the height in all species. Specific gravity decreased from bottom to top in all rattan species except P. bractealis.
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