Anaphylaxie à l’arachide par voie inhalée, à propos de 3 cas

Abstract

Paradoxically, some dispute surrounds the risk of anaphylaxis through inhalation of peanut fragments and the literature contains only rare reports. Herein we describe 3 cases of inhaled peanut anaphylaxis in patients with a strong allergic phenotype: 2 cases of adolescents coming into contact with peanuts in public places (cinema, train) on two occasions, and a third case in a child receiving peanut immune tolerance induction (ITI). Following published cases of inhaled peanut anaphylaxis and complaints by allergic patients, protective measures have been taken by airlines and in certain countries. However, it has recently been asserted that peanuts are not volatile and that the risk of reaction to inhalation is minimal at most! However, we believe it is important to protect patients with a strong phenotype and high anaphylactic risk and for whom social situations (travel, outings, etc.) present a potential danger. We feel that ITI should be proposed, coupled with therapeutic education, even though the limits of ITI were evident in our third patient.