Anaphylactic shock

Abstract

Anaphylactic shock is an acute circulatory failure as a result of anaphylaxis, manifested by a decrease in systolic blood pressure (BP) below 90 mm Hg or by 30 % from baseline and leading to hypoxia of vital organs. Etiological factors include medical preparations and materials, most often medicines (31.2–46.5 %), food products (23.3–31 %), and poison of Hymenoptera insects (14.9–20 %). Life-threatening anaphylaxis can develop as a reaction to the venoms of other animals, such as snakes. Antibiotics for parenteral administration (including beta-lactam antibiotics — penicillins and cephalosporins), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), radiopaque iodine-containing substances, muscle relaxants, and latex are among the medical preparations and materials that cause AS most often.