Analyzing trends in energy modeling tools in Latin America: A comprehensive review

Abstract

Energy system models have become valuable tools for developing and implementing sustainable energy policies. In Latin America, there has been continuous growth in the use of these models for exploring and defining strategies for a transition toward decarbonized and more sustainable energy systems. These models are essential for quantifying impacts and defining potential pathways due to the complexity of the interactions between different energy sectors. However, reviewing the increasing pool of available modeling tools is necessary, empowering regional energy planners and policymakers with a clearer understanding of their classifications, applications, and critical features. This understanding aids in selecting the most suitable tool for their needs. This article aims to contribute to analyzing trends in utilizing energy modeling tools in Latin America, specifically focusing on their application in energy planning and research efforts toward sustainability. We present a systematic literature review of the leading energy modeling tools used in Latin America following the PRISMA methodology. Eight specific tools were selected and analyzed, assessing five primary aspects: geographical coverage, sectoral coverage, temporal resolution, time horizon, and renewable energy integration. The analysis revealed the evolution of energy modeling tool usage in the region, highlighting trends supporting sustainable energy planning and transition practices. The analysis highlights the increasing share of renewable energy in Latin America. It also recognizes the necessity for high-temporal resolution tools to evaluate the availability and utilization of renewable resources while emphasizing the importance of intersectoral collaboration. Furthermore, it indicates the importance of collaboration among stakeholders and policymakers to advance toward more sustainable energy systems.