Abstract
This paper presents the possibility that the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) microsatellite receives the shipborne Automatic Identification System (AIS) signal operating on the Very High Frequency (VHF) spectrum. The factors influencing the AIS signal transmission are investigated, including the atmospheric refraction, the free space loss, the ionospheric polarization mismatch, and the atmospheric attenuation. The result demonstrates that, under the given assumptions, around 48% of the AIS transmitting lobe is able to overcome both refractions of the tropospheric and the ionospheric, and propagate into the outer space. The signal power received increases with the angle of ship’s elevation but decreases as the orbit altitude rises. The satellite below 800km has the possibility of receiving approximate 80% of the shipborne AIS signal with the system link margin more than 10 dBm.
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