Analyzing the Landscape Ecological and Hydraulic Values of Inland Type Small Wetlands in the same Watershed Using Eco-Hydraulic Model

Abstract

In order to compare the Landscape ecological and hydraulic values an eco-hydraulic model was built by cross-evaluating ecological landscape index and SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) based on a virtual model of the watershed management. A case study was adapted on the small reservoirs located in Mueul, Gumi city, Gyeongbuk-do, Korea. 27 small reservoirs located in Mueul area were categorized in 3 types such as single distribution (SD), equal distribution (ED), unequal distribution (UD), by the hydrogeomorphic features flowing into the main stream. At the results of simulating on the 3 types of model, unequal distribution (UD) model was realized as the highest effective reduction model of rainfall outflow. And as the reservoirs served as the landscape unit, the relationships between the ecological landscape index and virtual watershed models on small reservoirs in Mueul area were simulated. As a result, as the rainfall runoff reducing effects of small reservoirs, the more increasing the proportion of water volume to catchment area the more effective. Ecological soundness of large-scale reservoirs are higher than smaller one, but if we place several small reservoirs with same total storage volume in the same region, we can concluded that distributing several small reservoirs would be more effective on ecological soundness than single large-scale reservoirs. By utilizing distributed watershed system in urban planning, water circulation system and the species diversity and ecological soundness of watershed ecosystems would be improved.