Abstract
The effects of human activities and land cover changes on urban thermal field patterns are closely related to the land surface temperature (LST) and air temperature. At present, the number of studies on the quantitative relationship between these two indexes and the effect of the observational scale on their influence is insufficient. In this study, spatial analysis methods such as geographic modeling were combined with remote sensing images, meteorological data, and points of insert and used to investigate the composition and scale of the factors influencing the temperature field in Beijing. The results showed that there are differences in the positive and negative correlations between LST and air temperature and various influencing factors. At a spatial resolution of 90 m, LST had a strong linear relationship with the average air temperature. Indicators reflecting elements of human activity, such as buildings, roads, and entertainment, were easily measured by meteorological stations at a small scale, and the natural green space ratio could also be easily captured by satellite thermal sensors at small scales. These results have substantial implications for environmental impact assessments in areas experiencing an increasing urban heat island effect due to rapid urbanization.
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