Abstract
Resilient energy systems are those that can prepare for and adapt to changing conditions, and recover rapidly from disruptions including deliberate attacks, accidents, and naturally occurring threats. This makes thermal energy systems resilience especially important in extreme climates such as arctic or tropical environments. While metrics and requirements for availability, reliability, and quality of power systems have been established (DoD 2020), similar metrics and requirements for thermal energy systems are not well understood. In one of the first attempts to address this deficiency, a study was conducted to better understand the factors that affect maximum time to repair thermal energy systems. Maximum time to repair of thermal systems can be defined in terms of how long the process can be maintained or the building remains habitable or protected against damage from freezing of water pipes, sewer, fire suppression system, protect sensitive content, or start growing mold during extended loss of energy supply with extreme weather events. The purpose of this paper is to present the methodology and results of a novel temperature decay test conducted during the winter, along with blower door tests on five representative military buildings in Alaska. The results from the field tests described in this paper show that the distribution of temperature decay is not uniform throughout the building and that it will vary depending on solar position, building features and wind direction. This demonstrates that strategic placement of personnel, equipment and facilities that are critical to building operations, can extend operation time during a thermal energy disruption.
Highlights
Resilient military communities have been determined to be an emerging need by the United States Department of Defense (DoD)
Data were logged using timestamps in Alaska Standard Time (AKST), Table 1 lists the results of the thermal decay test (TDT) at Fort Wainwright, Alaska and Fort Greely, Alaska
A at Fort Wainwright (FWA) was tested on 17 January 2020 from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. with temperatures reaching -20 °F (-29 °C)
Summary
Resilient military communities have been determined to be an emerging need by the United States Department of Defense (DoD). A building is said to be resilient if it is able to maintain contiuity of operation in regard to occupant safety, health and comfort over an extended period of time without significant damage to the building and its sustems (ASHRAE 2015). While metrics and requirements for availability, reliability, and quality of power systems have been established (DoD 2020), similar metrics and requirements for thermal energy systems are still not well understood. Thermal/environmental equirements for normal (blue skies) and emergency (black skies) operations are described in detail in (Zhivov et al 2021a). If these requirements are not met, the building may not be able
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