Abstract
Description of the impact characteristics of different types of balls has a great importance in sport science and in engineering. The primary objective of the present paper is to investigate the effect of the temperature on the impacts of different types of squash balls from a given company. The shots were performed using a self-built air-cannon. The impacts were recorded by a high-speed camera and the recorded videos were analyzed by an image-processing method based on a background subtraction technique. Summarizing the main dynamical parameters, we can conclude that increasing the initial speed will decrease the contact time, the coefficient of restitution (COR) and the rebound resilience, whereas these parameters increase at elevated temperatures. The compression tests revealed that within the low velocity range the deformation of the ball’s material and not the compression of the inner gas is the main contribution in the force needed to compress the ball. However, when the ball suffers large deformations, the internal air pressure has a huge effect on the rebound behavior. The measurements revealed that there is an optimal initial velocity distinct from the maximum one where the rebound velocity of the ball is higher than in all other cases. From the results we can state that the ball's overall stiffness grows as the temperature increases.
Highlights
We can divide the ball sports into three different groups based on their ball types
Summarizing the main dynamical parameters, we can conclude that increasing the initial speed will decrease the contact time, the coefficient of restitution (COR) and the rebound resilience, whereas these parameters increase at elevated temperatures
We investigate all squash ball types from a given company and we analyze the influence of the temperature change on their impact characteristics
Summary
We can divide the ball sports into three different groups based on their ball types. First, we can distinguish solid ones (golf, cricket), where the ball's behavior mostly depends on its material parameters. In the topic of ball collisions, we can find experiments of hollow ball impacts investigating ping-pong and tennis balls [13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21] as well as squash balls [22,23] and there are some which dealt with the effect of temperature on ball impacts [24,25] They mainly examined one ball type with limited impact parameters, e.g. regarding the energy loss or the ball's hang time
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