Abstract
In connection with the growing consumer’s interest to Russian wines with controlled place of origin PGI and PDO, the most pressing issue is the method of their identification. One of the most effective ways to confirm the wine's place of origin in world practice is a comprehensive research of the elemental profile and isotopic characteristics of “light” elements using the methods of statistical analysis. We have selected 32 samples of fresh grapes from various wine regions of Russia (Krasnodar Territory, Republic of Crimea, Republic of Dagestan). The grape must obtained from them was fermented under laboratory conditions. In the prepared wines, the elemental profile was determined, which included 71 indicators, as well as indicators δ18О, δD of released ethanol and δ18О of the wine water. The resulting data set was analyzed using statistical methods PCA, Permanova, the Mann-Whitney test, and machine learning was also performed. It is shown that the difference between the values of the mass concentration of the elements Al, Fe, Br, Re, U for samples from Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Crimea are statistically significant. On the matrix of the obtained values, the Random Forest model was trained, which was able to distinguish the regions of wine origin with an accuracy of 90%. When analyzing the nonlinear dependence, the indicators of Si, Li, Co, Cu, Ba, Na, Ni, U, Al, S, Fe, Mn, B and δ18О of the water were determined by the model as important.
Highlights
As you know, wines with a controlled regional identity are popular among consumers due to their high quality, to the geographical conditions of the grapes place of origin and strictly regulated production technology
As part of the research, new data were obtained on the values of some isotopic ratios of ethanol elements and the water, as well as the elemental profile of wines made from grapes selected in various wine-growing regions of Russia
The use of statistical analysis methods made it possible to establish the presence of significant differences between the obtained values, as well as to identify important indicators for identifying wine by the place of its geographical origin
Summary
Wines with a controlled regional identity are popular among consumers due to their high quality, to the geographical conditions of the grapes place of origin and strictly regulated production technology. At the same time, there is remaining danger of substitution of authentic products with wines made from other wine-making regions grapes In this regard, the control of the authenticity of the wines geographical origin is an important and priority area, contributing to the protection of producers of highquality products. One of the most informative indicators in the wines research for their geographical place of origin is the δ18О indicator of the water of wine. As it grows, the grape plant consumes natural meteoric and groundwater. The grape plant consumes natural meteoric and groundwater Their isotopic characteristics are determined by a combination of various geoclimatic factors of a particular region. The oxygen isotopic composition of the water of wine will be formed based on the specificity of metabolic processes in the grape plant and the geoclimatic features of the region, including the average annual temperature, precipitation, altitude and other factors [1, 4,5,6,7,8]
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