Analyzing Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) of the Bioactive Compound of Javanese Long Pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl.) Essential Oils

Abstract

Piper has an economically high commercial value because it is an aromatic compound that is widely used as a spice, an essential raw material for medicine, aromatic, antifungal, antiviral, insecticide and others. One species of Piper is Piper retrofractum Vahl. This herb is useful for treating fever, hypotension, abdominal pain, beriberi, cholera, non-perspiration, and anthelmintic. The study of bioactive compounds from essential oils of P. retrofractum is crucial to be revealed, especially regarding variations in chemical compounds present in these oils because of the enormous benefits in human life. The purpose of this study was to characterize the composition of bioactive compounds from essential oils P. retrofractum from Kediri, East Java Province, Indonesia. The essential oil component of P. retrofractum distilled-fruit was then analyzed using GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) with GC-MS SHIMADZU QP2010 Plus specifications. The results of the GC-MS analysis showed that there were 28 compounds present in the fruit of P. retrofractum. The compounds consisted of terpenoids (monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes), fatty alcohols, alkene hydrocarbons, cyclic hydrocarbons, carbon alkene, and others. The research results of several researchers indicated that these compounds have great potential as bioactive compounds and useful in the pharmaceutical, health, cosmetics industries, and can utilize to increase the added value of food products.