Abstract
The impedance of an orifice is critical in many applications such as sound absorption, fluidic actuation, and stability prediction of hydraulic piping systems. In this work, a transfer matrix analysis of orifices (circular orifice, slit, and perforated plate) is presented, which provides physical insights into the acoustic behavior of orifices under unsteady excitation. Specifically, the acoustic transfer matrix (TM) for an orifice in the presence or absence of mean flow is developed and compared to a lumped element model (LEM). An experimental investigation is conducted in a plane wave tube (PWT) for circular and slit orifices in the absence of mean flow for a variety of frequencies and sound pressure levels. The experimental results are compared with TM and LEM predictions. The TM predictions for circular orifices in the presence of mean flow are also compared with other available experimental data.
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