ANALYZE DIFFERENT DRUGS FOR TREATING ALLERGIC RHINITIS IN ADULTS. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Background: One of the most frequent and unfavourable medical conditions affecting a significant percentage of adult people worldwide is allergic rhinitis. This study set out to provide a thorough overview of a number of pharmaceutical medications that are often prescribed to adults to treat allergic rhinitis. Study design: a cross-sectional study. Duration and Place of Study: This study was conducted at Department of ENT Hayatabad Medical Complex Hospital Peshawar between 15th Jan 2022 to 15th Jan 2023. Material and Methods: on this study included a cohort of 88 adult patients who had received a verified diagnosis of allergic rhinitis. The study evaluated the effectiveness, safety, and patient-reported results of three main categories of pharmaceuticals: antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, and leukotriene receptor antagonists. The participants were allocated randomly to one of the therapy groups and assessed for a duration of 08 weeks. A range of both objective and subjective outcome measures, including symptom scores, ratings of quality of life, and evaluations of adverse events, were documented and subjected to analysis. Results: Thirty of the eighty patients received antihistamines, twenty-seven received intranasal corticosteroids, and thirty-one received leukotriene receptor antagonists. The average age of the groups receiving antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, and leukotriene receptor antagonists was 38, 39, and 44 years, respectively. Sixty-six percent of the antihistamine group, fifty-four percent of the intranasal corticosteroids group, and sixty-six percent of the leukotriene receptor antagonist group were female. 50% improved in the group using antihistamines, 71% intranasal corticosteroids, and 12% in the group taking leukotriene receptor antagonists. Antihistamine side effects that were most common were headache (8.33%), tiredness (15%), and nasal dryness (11.67%). The symptoms of intranasal corticosteroids were headache (5.45%), drowsiness (3.64%), and nasal dryness (5.45%). Nasal dryness (8.33%), drowsiness (10%), and gastrointestinal issues (8.33%) were the leukotriene receptor antagonists. Participants who used antihistamines (55%), intranasal corticosteroids (82%), and leukotriene receptor antagonists (67%), reported no adverse effects. These results demonstrate that all three treatments had little side effects and were well tolerated. Conclusion: This study has shown that the administration of intranasal corticosteroids and antihistamines, as opposed to leukotriene receptor antagonists, yields better results for patients with allergic rhinitis in terms of improved quality of life and symptom relief. Keywords: Adult patients, Allergic rhinitis, Pharmacological agents