Analytische auswertung von austauschreaktionen zwischen löslichen und wenig löslichen elektrolyten

Abstract

After an explanation of the theoretical basis of exchange reactions between soluble and difficultly soluble electrolytes, their advantages and disadvantages as analytical test reactions were illustrated by the following examples: 1. identification of oxalatc and fluoride by their reaction with calcium carbonate; 2. identification of sulfate and chromatc with barium carbonate; 3. identification of phosphate and chromate with lead carbonate; 4. identification of the halogens with silver carbonate; 5. identification of bromide and iodide with .silver thiocyanatc; 6. identification of bromide with silver thiocyanatc and photodecomposition; 7. identification of phosphate and oxalate with lead iodate; 8. identification of the halogens with silver iodate. The mechanism of these reactions is discussed and a hypothesis formulated to explain why ion exchange ensues, even if the concentration of the reagents is smaller than would be necessary for mass precipitation. Many of the reactions described arc not listed in jacouson's Encyclopedia of Chemical Reactions.