Abstract

The analytical calculation of winding loss in gapped magnetic components is complex, and numerical analysis tools, such as finite elements analysis (FEA) tools, are commonly needed to characterize the windings. As FEA tools are used, the required design time of these types of components increases greatly when many simulations are needed to select the appropriate component for a given application, and simple analytical models become necessary to reduce the design time. In this paper, some analytical approaches for winding loss calculation in gapped magnetic components are reviewed and a general two-dimensional equivalent method, which aims to consider the frequency effects in conductors in a simplified manner, is proposed afterward. Due to its simplicity, it can be integrated into design and optimization tools in order to evaluate the influence of the air gap over the winding loss even at the early stages of the design process. The presented model shows good agreement with FEA simulations and measurements.

Highlights

  • Accurate winding loss calculation in magnetic components used in power electronics applications is a very important task

  • Since Dowell and Dowell-based methods assume a one-directional magnetic field over the windings of the component, they do not properly model the winding loss in components where this assumption cannot be made, which is the case of components with air gaps where the windings; besides, the skin and proximity effects that are already considered in 1D methods, will be influenced by the fringing field of the gap, and such an influence will be reflected as an increment of the equivalent resistance [6,7,8,9]

  • This concept allows the calculation of conduction loss by “modules” offering methods used for the calculation of conduction loss in magnetic components the possibility to evaluate each component of the loss in a different way, giving us flexibility are based on the widely accepted winding loss separation concept, which allows the inin choosing a desired approach to estimate the different contributions in the winding dependentloss calculation of the considered loss mechanisms

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Summary

Introduction

Accurate winding loss calculation in magnetic components used in power electronics applications is a very important task. Since Dowell and Dowell-based methods assume a one-directional magnetic field over the windings of the component, they do not properly model the winding loss in components where this assumption cannot be made, which is the case of components with air gaps where the windings; besides, the skin and proximity (to neighbor conductors) effects that are already considered in 1D methods, will be influenced by the fringing field of the gap, and such an influence will be reflected as an increment of the equivalent resistance [6,7,8,9]. Accurate models for the process where many cases should be considered in order to optimize, for example, an calculation of winding loss in gapped magnetic components are needed.

Review of
Methods for Calculating the Overall Magnetic Field
Conduction Loss Calculations in the Presence of a Given Magnetic Field
Proposed 2D Analytical Model
Model Validation
Normalized of Conductor asof aan function ofround the separation
Axisymmetric
Results and Applications
10. Equivalent
Method to Flyback
12. During
D Snubber
Conclusions
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