Abstract
Landscapes are considered an essential and effective element in the city. However, the neglect occurring in them reflects negatively on the city, which requires the need to research how to deal with this through the concept of activating the landscapes. To determine the dimensions, the designer can rely on it in the activating of these spaces, the problem of research has emerged as (The absence of a theoretical framework that determines the dimensions involved in activating landscapes, which the designer can rely on). And to solve the research problem, through literature review, the research reaches the activating landscapes concept definition, and the dimensions of activating these spaces were extracted with its verification indicators to build the theoretical framework. Four dimensions were reached to activate the landscapes, which included both the social, economic, environmental, and symbolic dimensions. The research assumed, "the landscape activation requires the existence of the symbolic dimension, with the three dimensions of sustainability (environmental-social-economical)". To test the validity of the hypothesis, in the practical study, three landscape projects were selected, they are similar in having neglected spaces had been activated in its city centers, so to measure the extent to which the indicators of these dimensions have been achieved. The results showed the symbolic dimension as the most prominent dimension for activating the landscapes, followed by the environmental, then social, and finally the economic dimension. Finally, the research achieved a theoretical model for the landscape activation dimensions and its indicators and values, which the designer can rely on it in activation of these spaces.
Highlights
The results showed the symbolic dimension as the most prominent dimension for activating the landscapes, followed by the environmental, social, and the economic dimension
The research dealt with the concept of landscape activation, to reach the points that work to activate these spaces, especially the activation dimensions which the designer can rely on them, so emerged the research problem of (The absence of a theoretical framework that determines the dimensions involved in activating landscapes, which the designer can rely on)
- The social dimension: The results of the application of this dimension within its first indicators revealed a clear superiority for increasing social interaction, as it achieved a rate of (50%) represented by gathering spaces and increasing security and safety in space for the three projects selected for practical study, and followed by the indicator of enhancement of perception by (33%) which is represented by the clarity of movement and determining the direction, as shown by Fig. 14
Summary
The research dealt with the concept of landscape activation, to reach the points that work to activate these spaces, especially the activation dimensions which the designer can rely on them, so emerged the research problem of (The absence of a theoretical framework that determines the dimensions involved in activating landscapes, which the designer can rely on). Successfully activated landscapes have a set of criteria which include easy access, available to all, attractive from inside and outside, safe for users, enhances health and well-being for their users, environmentally comfortable, supports the programs for which they are designed, preserves the economy, equates expressing visual art with being a social place, and supporting community participation in its design (Hammadi, 2012). It has been linked with the concept of protection, as both the protection of landscapes and the inspiring public space equipment work to facilitate and stimulate social integration and communication, and that both performance, events, or public space furniture fall within the concept of art to activate space (Pazder, 2014)
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