Abstract
The use of wind energy can be traced back thousands of years to many ancient times. Among the tools used for converting wind energy was the vertical-axis wind turbine (vawt). Investigating the performance of this type of turbine is an interesting topic for researchers. The appropriate correlation between the Double Multiple Stream Tube (DMST) model and the experimental results has led researchers to pay distinct attention to this model for vawt simulation. In this study, using the aforementioned model, the appropriate range of important wind turbine design parameters was determined. First, the model outcome was validated based on experimental results and then, the performances of 144 different turbine types were simulated with respect to chord length, number of blades, H/D ratio and airfoil type. Chord length was evaluated at three levels, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 m, number of blades 2, 3 and 4, Height to Diameters (H/D) ratio of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2, and four types of airfoils, NACA0012, NACA0018, NACA4412 and NACA4418. Simulation was performed at a low Reynolds number (Re ≤ 105) and at four TSRs, 1, 2, 3 and 4. The results show that wind turbines perform best at low TSRs when they have longer chords, more blades, and a higher H/D ratio, but this trend reverses at high TSRs. Among the four types of airfoils evaluated, the NACA4412 airfoils showed a better performance at TSRs 1 to 3.
Highlights
Published: 24 February 2022In recent years, wind turbines have been considered a reliable tool in the field of power supply [1]
Vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWT) have advantages over horizontal-axis turbines due to their unique features [2]. This type of turbine is notable for its insensitivity to wind direction, low construction costs, low installation and maintenance costs, high adaptability, and lower acoustic noise due to its lower blade tip operation compared to horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT) [3]
HAWTs rotate by lift force but the VAWTs can be operated by lift or drag force [4]
Summary
Published: 24 February 2022In recent years, wind turbines have been considered a reliable tool in the field of power supply [1]. Vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWT) have advantages over horizontal-axis turbines due to their unique features [2] This type of turbine is notable for its insensitivity to wind direction, low construction costs, low installation and maintenance costs, high adaptability, and lower acoustic noise due to its lower blade tip operation compared to horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT) [3]. The speed of the turbine blade tip in a drag regime (such as Savonius) does not exceed one, but they can rotate at low wind speeds [5]. Darrieus vertical axis wind turbines function properly when the blade tip speed is above 1, and when it enters the lift regime [6]. H-rotor Darrius wind turbines hardly pass the drag regime and enter the lift mode. Manipulating the design parameters to overcome these problems is of great interest in this field and it requires each researcher to provide a suitable range for the design parameters of Darrieus wind turbines
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