Abstract
This paper provides a substantial amount of study related to coupled fluid flow and heat conduction of an upper-convected-Maxwell viscoelastic liquid over a stretching plane with slip velocity. A new model, presented by Christov, for thermal convection is employed. The partial differential equations are converted to ordinary differential equations by using appropriate transformation variables. The transformed equations are solved analytically by using the Galerkin method. For the sake of soundness, a comparison is done with a numerical method, and good agreement is found. The impacts of various parameters like slip coefficient, elasticity number, the thermal relaxation time of heat flow, and the Prandtl number over the temperature and velocity fields are studied. Furthermore, the Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model is compared with Fourier’s law. Additionally, the present results are also verified by associating with the published work as a limiting case.
Highlights
Heat is a form of energy which is related to temperature
We present the procedure of the Galerkin method for solving equations (9) and (10). e Galerkin method contains the following steps: Step 1
We have investigated the implementation of an efficient analytical scheme to get the approximate analytical solution of two-dimensional steady boundary layer flow of the Maxwell fluid that described a coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equation
Summary
Heat is a form of energy which is related to temperature. Heat transfer occurs when there is a temperature difference between a system and its surrounding. An amended form of the Fourier heat conduction law is presented by Cattaneo [2]. He introduced a relaxation time parameter to reduce the “heat conduction paradox,” which is any original disruption and immediately felt throughout the medium under certain conditions [3, 4]. Chistov presented a new formulation which gives a single governing expression for temperature. It is shown by Tibullo and Zampoli [4] and Ciarletta and Straughan [6] that the solution of the temperature governing equations along with the Catteneo–Christov model for both extreme value problems is unique. Straughan [7] and Haddad [8] achieved
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