Abstract
Understanding Guanine Quadruplexes (G4s) provides valuable insight into a wide array of diseases at a genetic level and their potential therapy. These unusual architectures can form in DNA and RNA, composed of planar, stacked tetrads of four hydrogen bonded guanines. G4s are widely implicated in a range of disease categories, including parasites, viral infections, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases, with varied roles within each. Of current relevance, a connection to the coronavirus family may be an intriguing avenue of investigation for recent outbreaks. The planar surface of the G4 tetrad also provides an attractive target for small molecule binders that can provide therapeutic value. Overall, this review aims to address the exciting relevance of G4s in these fields, a few major mechanisms of action, and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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