Abstract
An analytical model for metamaterial differential transmission lines (MTM-DTLs) with a corrugated ground-plane electromagnetic bandgap (CGP-EBG) structure in high-speed printed circuit boards is proposed. The proposed model aims to efficiently and accurately predict the suppression of common-mode noise and differential signal transmission characteristics. Analytical expressions for the four-port impedance matrix of the CGP-EBG MTM-DTL are derived using coupled-line theory and a segmentation method. Converting the impedance matrix into mixed-mode scattering parameters enables obtaining common-mode noise suppression and differential signal transmission characteristics. The comprehensive evaluations of the CGP-EBG MTM-DTL using the proposed analytical model are also reported, which is validated by comparing mixed-mode scattering parameters Scc21 and Sdd21 with those obtained from full-wave simulations and measurements. The proposed analytical model provides a drastic reduction of computation time and accurate results compared to full-wave simulation.
Highlights
In high-speed printed circuit boards (PCBs) for digital communication systems, such as USB, HDMI, and PCI-Express technologies, electromagnetic interference during data transmission is a serious problem because the data rate of digital interfaces and the switching speed of processors continuously increase, but the voltage level continuously decreases
The proposed analytical model provides a drastic reduction of computation time and accurate results compared to full-wave simulation
This corrugated ground-plane electromagnetic bandgap (CGP-electromagnetic bandgap (EBG)) technique forms a stepped impedance resonator for even-mode propagation associated with CM noise and a constant impedance for odd-mode propagation associated with differential signal transmission by using the original distribution of ground planes
Summary
In high-speed printed circuit boards (PCBs) for digital communication systems, such as USB, HDMI, and PCI-Express technologies, electromagnetic interference during data transmission is a serious problem because the data rate of digital interfaces and the switching speed of processors continuously increase, but the voltage level continuously decreases. In Reference [9], dual-type transmission lines are proposed to realize an MTM-DTLs. Impedance variations are implemented by alternating microstrip and strip lines, and a dispersion equation based on a periodic condition is derived, but it only predicts CM noise suppression. Recent research mainly focused on MTM-DTLs for CM noise suppression It demonstrated wideband and high-frequency CM noise suppression with good differential signal integrity, simple implementation, and rigorous analysis based on dispersion relations. An efficient and accurate method to predict both CM noise and differential signaling characteristics of MTM-DTLs is still required for practical research and development of high-speed PCBs. In this paper, an analytical model focusing on the MTM-DTL using a CGP-EBG structure is presented. The contribution of this paper is developing and verifying the analytical model, which simultaneously and quantitatively estimates the CM and DM propagation characteristics for the CGP-EBG MTM-DTL with a finite number of UCs
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