Abstract
Aims: To develop and validate a new, simple, rapid, precise, and accurate An Eco-friendly RP-HPLC and UV-Method Development and Validation for an estimation of Favipiravir in Bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form followed by Forced Degradation Studies.
 Study Design: This was employed for UV-visible (200-400 nm and 400-800 nm respectively) and RP-HPLC method development using C 18 inertsil column and optimization of variables for Favipiravir estimation in bulk and formulations.
 Place and Duration of the Study: The present work was carried out at Ali-allana College of Pharmacy, Akkalkuwa between the duration of November-2020 to February-2021.
 Methodology: UV-Spectroscopic method was developed for the estimation of Favipiravir in the bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. The solvent selected for the Favipiravir UV analysis was water, the solution in a range of 2-10µg/ml was scanned in the UV region from 200-400 nm and the λmax value was determined. The RP-HPLC method was developed on inertsil ODS-3V C18 150 mm x 4.6mm x 5μ column using buffer pH 3.5: acetonitrile [90:10] as mobile phase at flow rate 1.0 ml/min and PDA detection at 358 nm.
 Results: The maximum absorbance was observed at 358 nm. The wavelength 358 nm was selected for further analysis of Favipiravir. The calibration curve was determined using drug concentrations ranging from 2-10 µg/ml. The % recovery for accuracy was 100.50-100.76%. The method was to be precise with a % RSD value 0.51-1.37 and 0.77-1.78 for intraday and Interday respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) was found to be 0.0723 &0.219 µg/ml respectively by UV method. The RP-HPLC method was shown to be linear in the 50-250 μg/ml concentration range. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) was found to be 2.186 & 6.626 μg/ml respectively. The method was to be precise with a % RSD value 0.25-1.53 and 0.86-1.68 for intraday and inter-day respectively.
 Conclusion: Here we conclude that the developed UV and RP-HPLC methods are precise, accurate, sensitive, and reproducible for the quantitative estimation of Favipiravir bulk and its formulation. The developed method can be used by the pharmaceutical industries for the routine analysis of Favipiravir, in particular by UV and RP-HPLC. The main features of the proposed method are economic and eco-friendly with less retention time around 5.0 min.
Highlights
Favipiravir (6-fluoro-3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxamide), a purine nucleic acid analog developed by Toyama Chemical in Japan for the treatment of viral infections, including influenza.This has recently been evaluated and found to be a promising option in the management of COVID-19
Here we conclude that the developed UV and Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography ICH (RP-HPLC) methods are precise, accurate, sensitive, and reproducible for the quantitative estimation of Favipiravir bulk and its formulation
The developed method can be used by the pharmaceutical industries for the routine analysis of Favipiravir, in particular by UV and RP-HPLC
Summary
Carboxamide), a purine nucleic acid analog developed by Toyama Chemical in Japan for the treatment of viral infections, including influenza. This has recently been evaluated and found to be a promising option in the management of COVID-19. Favipiravir exhibits antiviral activity against other RNA viruses such as arenavirus, bunyavirus, and filovirus, all of which are known to cause fatal hemorrhagic fever. These unique antiviral profiles will make Favipiravir a potentially promising drug for intractable viral RNA infections [1, 3]
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